what is the best method of decontamination cbrn quizlet
Don your mask before going into the room Select the three components, in correct order of administration, utilized in the treatment for cyanide exposure. Being in the correct MOPP Level appropriate to the CBRN risk hazard will protect you from becoming a casualty and allow you to complete the mission. What precaution/side effects should you be aware of when administering cyanide antidotes? Pull hood over FPM The effectiveness of any decontamination method should be assessed at the beginning of a program and periodically throughout the lifetime of the program. What is the preferred treatment to block the effects of excessive ACh? Lockers or closets for clean clothing and personal item storage. Saving and protecting life Saving of life is the first priority of all responding agencies. Remove or neutralize contamination. 2. The amount, location, and containment of contaminants. Wash inner gloves with decon solution. Which of the following bacterial diseases is contagious person to person? The fluid moves between the plates under the action of a pressure gradient, and the upper plate moves with a velocity UUU while the bottom plate is fixed. Wash hands and face if shower is not available. Remove face piece. These cleaning solutions normally utilize one or more of the following methods: Dissolving contaminants. A patient presents to the hospital. The M256A2 Sampler Detector Kit CANNOT DETECT, Your M240 medium MG was contaminated with a non-persistent liquid nerve agent. Plastic sheeting, sealed pads with drains, or other appropriate methods for containing and -collecting contaminated wash and rinse solutions spilled during decontamination. 1.2 Protective equipment must be worn by personnel when response activities involve known or suspected hazardous substances. 9. Correct definition of Mission-Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP), A flexible system of individual protective equipment (IPE) and clothing that provides the maximum CBRN protection with the lowest risk to achieve mission accomplishment. If Yes, (Arrow to third box below) Are the decontamination materials compatible with the materials to be decontaminated? Contaminants can be located either on the surface of personal protective equipment or permeated into the PPE material. Simply removing __________ from a person exposed to radiological contamination will, in most instances, create at least a 90% reduction in the casualties' contamination levels. What is the best decontamination method for biological agents? While decontamination is performed to protect health and safety, it can pose hazards under certain circumstances. SCBA backpack and facepiece is removed (avoid touching face with fingers). Use all means of CB detection to check your surrounding area for the presence of contamination. Containers to hold contaminants and contaminated soil removed from tires and the undersides of vehicles and equipment. Removing radioactive material from a person, object, or place is called decontamination. Removing clothing and washing with warm soapy water. Rinse off decon solution water. The level and types of decontamination procedures required depend on several sitespecific factors including: Decontamination procedures must provide an organized process by which levels of contamination are reduced. Federal law establishes \rule{1cm}{1pt} schedules of classification for the control of dangerous drugs. If Yes, (Arrow to sixth box on right side) Method OK to use. 3. High Yield Explosives is described as having materials that rapidly release large amounts of energy and produce a pressure shock wave during detonation. What toxin do you suspect and how do you treat it? Contaminants that can be removed by physical means can be categorized as follows: Physical removal of gross contamination should be followed by a wash/rinse process using cleaning solutions. A patient is exhibiting the following symptoms: Fever, Cough, Dyspnea, Prominent gastrointestinal symptoms, Absence of buboes. 1. The decontamination site should NOT be located: Near waterways and drainage systems What is the best method of decontamination? Take a deep breath and hold it. What do you do first? 16. . Which of the below courses of action is most appropriate for the situation? Household detergents are among the most common surfactants. Your unit has responded within minutes to a suspected CBRNE incident. Disinfection/Sterilization. Emergency decontamination has become a major response objective of first responders to terrorist incidents. Decontamination will be conducted in the __________ hazard zone. 14. The movement of personnel and/or equipment among different zones. 5 Levels of MOPP. The level of protection required will vary with the type of decontamination equipment used. Use remote sampling, handling, and container-opening techniques (e.g., drum grapplers, pneumatic impact wrenches). What do you do first? Your commander directs that crew-served weapons and ammunition would be decontaminated before the support vehicles and barrier material. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of these fast-acting compounds that attack oxygen-dependent tissues known to be particularly sensitive to these compounds?, You approach the scene of a terrorist incident that occurred 2 minutes prior in an enclosed room. The procedures for decontaminating personnel upon leaving the contaminated area are addressed for each of the EPA, OERR designated levels of protection. Nonpolar compounds (e.g., some organic compounds). If No, (Arrow to box on left) Decontaminate as Much as Possible. Do not wear inner clothing off-site since there is a possibility that small amounts of contaminants might have been transferred in removing the fully-encapsulating suit. The sequence of stations is called the decontamination line. 11. Lift your mask away from your face. Which type of anthrax is responsible for the patient?s symptoms? The effects may take days or weeks to develop. What are the three methods of decontamination? Segregation at the drop reduces the probability of cross-contamination. Make openings in the bags for sample ports and sensors that must contact site materials. EPA Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. Both the inner and outer surfaces of protective clothing should be tested. In industry, cyanide compounds are widely used during. Chest x-rays reveal a widened mediastinum and the patient's white blood cell count is elevated. Long handled brushes, rods, and shovels for dislodging contaminants and contaminated soil caught in tires and the undersides of vehicles and equipment. c. 2-3 Long-Handled. Also, all spent solutions and wash water should be collected and disposed of properly. Which nerve agent is the most persistent, is very oily, and will stay active in an area for several days? Slowly passing a radiation detector (RADIAC) over the entire body. If No, (Arrow to box to the right) Report to Superiors for Instructions. Rinse off using copious amounts of water. The presence of radiological contamination can be readily confirmed by which of the following methods? How is the victim of a pulmonary agent exposure presenting with respiratory distress less than 4 hours after exposure classified? If Yes, (Arrow to fourth box below) Can appropriate decontamination materials or process pose health or safety hazards? Place and secure hood around the edge of FPM Wear disposable outer garments and use disposable equipment where appropriate. Type of decontamination that is carried out by a unit to reduce contamination equal to natural background or to the lowest level possible. The M50 JSGPM can protect against military chemical-biological (CB) agents, select toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), and radiological particulates. Ultraviolet light. Chest x-rays reveal a widened mediastinum and the patient?s white blood cell count is elevated. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. A patient presents to the emergency room all exhuming the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, problems with eye movement, dry mouth, sore throat, difficulty swallowing, no gag reflex, and extreme weakness. These types of weapons have the ability to create both mass casualties as well as mass disruption of society. Smallpox can spread from one person to another by the following routes: For which virus is the mosquito not known as a possible vector? Operational reactive skin decontamination lotion (RSDL), allows you to completely decontaminate your skin through physical removal and _____? Suppose that you are standing on a skateboard near a wall and you push on the wall with a force of 30N30 \mathrm{~N}30N. Which of the following statements are correct regarding biological weapon characteristics? It is reported that the smell of bitter almonds is in the air. Scrub with long-handle scrub brush and decon solution. Wash inner gloves with decon solution. Remove clothing and place in lined container. Repeat as many times as necessary. Vesicant (blister) agents include all of the following, EXCEPT: A patient who works at an insecticide manufacturing plant is admitted to the emergency room. Drop cloths of plastic or other suitable materials on which heavily contaminated equipment and outer protective clothing may be deposited. (End), (Initial box on left side) Accident/Injury Event. Contact time. 3. Properly don, clear, and check the field protective mask (FPM). on plastic drop cloths or in different containers with plastic liners. If contaminants that have permeated a material are not removed by decontamination, they may continue to permeate to either surface of the material where they can cause an unexpected exposure. He exhibits symptoms of fever, mild hypotension, flushing, conjunctival injection, and now a bad rash has appeared that is bleeding in spots. 4. Stow audio equipment in main stowage area. Remove outer boots and gloves. Which of the following cell types are least sensitive to ionizing radiation damage? Deposit in container with plastic liner. A decontamination plan should be developed (as part of the Site Safety Plan) and set up before any personnel or equipment may enter areas where the potential for exposure to hazardous substances exists. (Continue to decision arrow below) Additional Emergency Care Required? Loose contaminants. Stress work practices that minimize contact with hazardous substances (e.g., do not walk through areas of obvious contamination, do not directly touch potentially hazardous substances). If necessary, administer the CANA. Raise the mask to your face and place your chin firm in the chin cup Stow operator cards and waterproofing bag. Which vesicant (blister agent) is suspected? 3. Storage tanks of appropriate treatment systems for temporary storage and/or treatment of contaminated wash and rinse solutions. They should only be used for decontamination in extreme cases where other cleaning agents will not remove the contaminant. SCBA deposited on plastic sheets. Disconnect hose from regulator valve and proceed to next station. Emergency Preparedness and Response Course, Emergency Preparedness and Response Course -, Emergency Preparedness Response Course (EPRC), Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance, Edward Howley, John Quindry, Scott Powers, Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy. Often this term is used to describe incidents that involve one of these materials, ranging from an industrial accident to a terrorist attack. Curtains, enclosures, or spray booths to contain splashes from pressurized sprays. In many cases, gross contamination can be removed by physical means involving dislodging/displacement, rinsing, wiping off, and evaporation. 1.4 Decontamination lines are site specific since they are dependent upon the types of contamination and the type of work activities on site. 6. This study presents the formulation and application of strippable coatings for the entrapment and removal of heavy metals (HMs) and radio nuclides (RNs). As concentrations of wastes increase, the potential for permeation of personal protective clothing increases. 47) The decontamination site should NOT be located: Near waterways and drainage systems (correct) Upwind of the hot zone On a hard, non-porous surface Uphill from the hot zone. Pressurized sprayers for washing and rinsing, particularly hard-to-reach areas. In pursuit of the President's goal of national preparedness, it is essential that the nation has reliable chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) countermeasures equipment that can be used with confidence for the protection of life, health, property and commerce. 17. Each procedure should be performed at a separate station in order to prevent cross contamination. 11. Testing for the presence of permeated chemical contaminants requires that pieces of the protective garments be sent to a laboratory for analysis. courtney_phipps5. Many factors, such as cost, availability, and ease of implementation, influence the selection of a decontamination method. The following methods may be useful in assessing the effectiveness of decontamination. If a decontamination method does pose a direct health hazard, measures must be taken to protect both decontamination personnel and the workers being decontaminated. There are 4 main categories of physical and chemical means of decontamination: (1) heat; (2) liquid disinfection; (3) vapors and gases; and (4) radiation. Assume laminar flow. Decontamination methods either (1) physically remove contaminants, (2) inactivate contaminants by chemical detoxification or disinfection/sterilization, or (3) remove contaminants by a combination of both physical and chemical means. These include alcohols, chlorine and chlorine compounds, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, ortho -phthalaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, iodophors, peracetic acid, phenolics, and quaternary ammonium . When establishing a decontamination line, each aspect should be incorporated separately or combined with other aspects into a procedure with fewer steps (such as the Minimum Decontamination Procedures). Properly stowing the AAL, accessories and mask. 4. All personnel should be trained in the Standard Operating Procedures for minimizing contact and maximizing worker protection, and these procedures should be enforced throughout site operations. The longer a contaminant is in contact with an object, the greater the probability and extent of permeation. Which of the following decontamination method is NOT recommended for removing vesicants from casualties? 4. Immediate decontamination (correct) Chemical decontamination Direct contamination Physical decontamination. Close your eyes, stop breathing and hold your breath 5. Physical methods involving high pressure and/or heat should be used only as necessary and with caution since they can spread contamination and cause burns. Various decontamination methods are listed in Table 1. Team leader for M240 MMGT. Wrap SCBA regulator (if belt mounted type) with plastic to keep out water. With assistance of helper, remove splash suit. This chapter describes the types of contamination that workers may encounter at a waste site, the factors that influence the extent of contamination, and methods for preventing or reducing contamination. Grasp the head harness tab and pull the head harness over your head 1. It is prepared easily by diluting household bleach to one-tenth strength (ie, 9 parts water or saline to 1 part bleach). Solidification. Outer Garment, Boots, and Gloves Wash and Rinse. 3. Establish procedures to prevent contamination of clean areas. DC. A)1.410101.4 \times 10^{-10} If an emergency due to a heat-related illness develops, protective clothing should be removed from the victim as soon as possible to reduce the heat stress. DECONTAMINATION GUIDANCE FOR CHEMICAL INCIDENTS The Primary Response Incident Scene Management (PRISM) series was written to provide authoritative, evidence-based guidance on mass patient disrobe and decontamination during a chemical incident. Stations should be separated physically to prevent cross contamination and should be arranged in order of decreasing contamination, preferably in a straight line. A metallic taste in the mouth, epigastric distress, and possible nausea and vomiting are ingestion symptoms for which chemical agent? 1. Particular care should be taken to protect these areas. In addition, site conditions may permit the use of cooling devices such as cool water hose, ice packs, cool towels, etc. Another arrow from the circle marked with an X continues to a rectangle indicating the area to Remove Boots/Gloves and Outer Garments (For Disposal and Off Site Decontamination) with a circle below indicating the location of a 32 gallon can. Halogenated solvents generally are incompatible with personal protective equipment and are toxic. You place it where it is exposed to the wind, rain, and sunlight to hasten the decontamination process. Removing clothing and washing with warm soapy water. cool down stations maybe set up within this area. 1.3 The maximum decontamination procedures for all levels of protection consist of specific activities at nineteen stations. 5. Deposit in container with plastic liner. Initially from a priority standpoint, emergency decontamination is more concerned with . 3. No scabs are present. Radiation burns, which causes delayed, irreversible changes of the skin, can be caused by high doses of what form of ionizing radiation? When the decontamination line is no longer required, contaminated wash and rinse solutions and contaminated articles must be contained and disposed of as hazardous wastes in compliance with state and federal regulations. Wash backpack assembly with sponges or cloths. 18. 2. 2. Which of the following is the correct first step taken when giving the visual CBRN alarm hand and arm signal? They are: Respiratory Protection & Chemical Protective Garments. Avoid touching face with fingers. Air Tanks or Masks and Cartridges Depending Upon Level, d. 2-3 Long-Handled, Soft-Bristled Scrub Brushes. Remove boot covers and deposit in container with plastic liner. The atmosphere pressure is 1.00 atm. Stop leaks at the throat or chin. (correct) Remove patients clothing, ensure agent does not contact skin during removal. Practice protective measures of time, distance, and shielding. Physical removal methods for gross contaminants include scraping, brushing, and wiping. What evidence indicates that annelids and mollusks are closely related? What CBRNE agent inhibits the enzyme AChE allowing Ach to accumulate affecting the way cells transmit signals to the body? Shower as soon as possible. In dental health care settings, all instrument cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing should occur in a designated central processing area in order to more easily control quality and ensure safety. A series of numbered hexagons point downward toward the CONTAMINATION CONTROL LINE.) Remove outer gloves and deposit in container with plastic liner. How do nerve agents produce effects in the body? 2. The PRISM documentation comprises three volumes: Volume 1 Strategic Guidance, Second Edition Soap or wash solution, wash cloths, and towels for personnel. What method is used to estimate a radiation dose by measuring the biological response to an absorbed dose of ionizing radiation? Scrub outer boot covers and gloves with decon solution or detergent/water. Disinfection refers to the elimination of virtually all pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects and surfaces thereby reducing the level of microbial contamination to an acceptably safe level. CBRNE is an acronym for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and high yield Explosives. These procedures were derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response's (OERR), "Interim Standard Operating Safety Guides (revised Sep. 82)". on plastic drop cloths. The potential for wastes to permeate, degrade, or penetrate materials used for personal protective clothing and equipment, vehicles, tools, buildings, and structures. Worker's canister is exchanged. 1. Another way to test the effectiveness of decontamination procedures is to analyze for contaminants left in the cleaning solutions. Immediately mask the casualty. Enemy helicopter does a low-level pass and sprays your position. __________ occurs outside of the incident area when people come in contact with a contaminated person or object. It is reported that the smell of bitter almonds is in the air. Patient reports fever started several days before blisters appeared. 1. Select the important steps that you should take. Fully Encapsulating Suit and Hard Hat Removal. What Improvement to the M50 field protective mask (FPM) indicates that the M61 filters are no longer serviceable? Contact higher headquarters (HQ) if no contamination is found or if you determine the attack was non-CB. Worker returns to duty. __________ occurs when people comes in direct contact with a harmful agent at or near an incident. 17. (End), If Yes, (Arrow to box below) Transport to Medical Facility (End).
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